Journal: Region - Educational Research and Reviews DOI: 10.32629/rerr.v8i4.5345
Abstract
During the Republican period, female teachers in Guiyang took shape amid educational reform, school expansion, and changing social attitudes. Based mainly on materials from the Guiyang Municipal Archives, this paper adopts documentary analysis to examine the background of their emergence, their employment status, and their social influence. It finds that this group was predominantly engaged in elementary education, while their responsibilities extended from classroom teaching to student guidance, class management, and school administration. Their development facilitated the institutionalization of women's education, broadened career avenues and social participation of educated women, and made them an important force in Guiyang's modern educational transformation.
Keywords
Republican period; Guiyang; female teachers
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[13] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Appointment letters for teachers (class teachers and subject teachers)[A]. File No. 013-03-0024-0002.
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[15] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Staff Roster of Touqiao Primary School attached to the Fourth Service Group for Receiving Teachers from War Zones[A]. File No. 013-02-0005-0001.
[16] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Administrative orders, petitions, and resumes concerning appointments of school principals: Xiong Tianyuan, Yin Shaoliang, Jin Yazhu, Zhao Shoufang, Yang Cixing, and Yang Wenxuan[A]. File No. 013-04-0002-0001.
[17] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Staff list for the second semester of 1946[A]. File No. 013-02-0005-0007.
[18] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Qualification review forms for teachers in municipal schools[A]. File No. 013-03-0060-0003.
[19] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Staff list of Private Lixing Middle School[A]. File No. 013-02-0031-1-0004.
[20] Cong X. From literati to modern teachers: the identity transformation of the educated elites in early twentieth-century China[J]. The Chinese Historical Review, 2017, 24(2): 146-165.
[21] Culture, History and Research Committee of the CPPCC Guiyang Municipal Committee. Historical Figures of Guiyang: Comprehensive Volume[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou People's Publishing House, 2005: 122.
[22] Editorial Committee of Red Guizhou University. Red Guizhou University[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou University Press, 2022: 150.
[2] Ma F F. A study of the economic status of female teachers during the Republican period (1912–1937)[J]. Collection of Women's Studies, 2009(1): 39-45.
[3] Lee W Y. Women's education in traditional and modern China[J]. Women's History Review, 1995, 4(3): 345-367.
[4] Culture, History and Research Committee of the CPPCC Guiyang Municipal Committee. Historical Figures of Guiyang: Culture and Education Volume[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou People's Publishing House, 2003.
[5] Anonymous. Regulations for Girls' Primary Schools Approved by the Ministry of Education[N]. Shibao, 1907-03-28(0006).
[6] Anonymous. Regulations for Girls' Normal Schools Approved by the Ministry of Education[N]. Shibao, 1907-04-02(0009).
[7] Anonymous. Decree: The Ministry of Education promulgates the School System Order, Ministry Order No. 7[J]. Educational Review, 1912, 4(7): 5-6.
[8] Anonymous. New Educational Aims[N]. Shenzhou Daily, 1912-09-05(0002).
[9] Liang G B. History of the Women's Movement in Guizhou: The Period of New-Democratic Revolution[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou People's Publishing House, 2000: 10.
[10] Guiyang Federation of Social Sciences. Furrows of Cultivation[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou People's Publishing House, 2014: 131.
[11] Cai Y P. Yangcheng Youmei Gaoshang Sixiang[M]//Gao P S. Cai Yuanpei Ouandi: Vol.2. Beijing: Zhonghua Book Company, 1984: 302.
[12] Pan G Z. Women's education: National rejuvenation and women's education[J]. Women's Monthly, 1934, 2(1): 1767-1770.
[13] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Appointment letters for teachers (class teachers and subject teachers)[A]. File No. 013-03-0024-0002.
[14] Guiyang Municipal Archives. List of teachers[A]. File No. 013-02-0004-0010.
[15] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Staff Roster of Touqiao Primary School attached to the Fourth Service Group for Receiving Teachers from War Zones[A]. File No. 013-02-0005-0001.
[16] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Administrative orders, petitions, and resumes concerning appointments of school principals: Xiong Tianyuan, Yin Shaoliang, Jin Yazhu, Zhao Shoufang, Yang Cixing, and Yang Wenxuan[A]. File No. 013-04-0002-0001.
[17] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Staff list for the second semester of 1946[A]. File No. 013-02-0005-0007.
[18] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Qualification review forms for teachers in municipal schools[A]. File No. 013-03-0060-0003.
[19] Guiyang Municipal Archives. Staff list of Private Lixing Middle School[A]. File No. 013-02-0031-1-0004.
[20] Cong X. From literati to modern teachers: the identity transformation of the educated elites in early twentieth-century China[J]. The Chinese Historical Review, 2017, 24(2): 146-165.
[21] Culture, History and Research Committee of the CPPCC Guiyang Municipal Committee. Historical Figures of Guiyang: Comprehensive Volume[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou People's Publishing House, 2005: 122.
[22] Editorial Committee of Red Guizhou University. Red Guizhou University[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou University Press, 2022: 150.
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