The Subjective Experience and Neural Mechanisms of Memory from Different Cultural Backgrounds
Journal: Region - Educational Research and Reviews DOI: 10.32629/rerr.v6i6.2237
Abstract
This study investigated cross-cultural differences in memory retrieval processes, focusing on the role of the parietal and angular gyrus (AG) in shaping the subjective experience of recall. By exploring how cultural context affects the relevant dynamic neural mechanisms, the study centred on Chinese and British subjects. The study used a mixed factorial design with 20 participants recruited from each cultural group. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) captures blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals in memory tasks, revealing unique patterns of AG activity. The study combines three well-established fMRI paradigms - picture-word pairs, scenes, and autobiographical events - enhancing experimental validity and providing a comprehensive analysis of cultural memory differences. This multi-paradigm research approach deepens the understanding of how cultural influences manifest themselves in a variety of memory retrieval contexts. It is expected that the findings will make an important contribution to the ongoing debate about the universality versus cultural specificity of memory processes. Beyond shedding light on the cultural shaping of memory phenomenology, the study aims to provide valuable insights into the potential applications of these findings. Understanding the interplay between culture and memory processes has implications for diverse fields, including psychology, neuroscience, and clinical practices. This research not only expands our theoretical understanding of cross-cultural memory differences but also offers practical implications for tailoring memory interventions and rehabilitation practices to accommodate diverse cultural backgrounds.
Keywords
cross-cultural, angular gyrus, fMRI, subjective experience, memory paradigms
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[4] Wang, Q. Are Asians forgetful? Perception, retention, and recall in episodic remembering. Cognition. 2009; 111(1): 123-131.
[5] Park, D. C., Huang, C. M. Culture wires the brain: A cognitive neuroscience perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science. 2010; 5(4): 391-400.
[6] Han, S., Northoff, G., Vogeley, K., Wexler, B. E., Kitayama, S., Varnum, M. E. A cultural neuroscience approach to the biosocial nature of the human brain. Annual review of psychology. 2013; 64: 335-359.
[7] Atkinson, R. C., Shiffrin, R. M. Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In Psychology of learning and motivation.1968; 2: 89-195.
[8] Baddeley, A. The episodic buffer: a new component of working memory?. Trends in cognitive sciences. 2000; 4(11): 417-423.
[9] Craik, F. I., Lockhart, R. S. Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of verbal learning and verbal behavior. 1972; 11(6): 671-684.
[10] Schacter, D. L., Norman, K. A., Koutstaal, W. The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory. Annual review of psychology. 1998: 49(1): 289-318.
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[12] Berryhill, M. E. Insights from neuropsychology: pinpointing the role of the posterior parietal cortex in episodic and working memory. Frontiers in integrative neuroscience. 2012: 6: 31.
[13] Bonnici, H. M., Maguire, E. A. Two years later–Revisiting autobiographical memory representations in vmPFC and hippocampus. Neuropsychologia. 2018; 110: 159-169.
[14] Branzi, F. M., Pobric, G., Jung, J., Lambon Ralph, M. A. The left angular gyrus is causally involved in context-dependent integration and associative encoding during narrative reading. Journal of cognitive neuroscience. 2021; 33(6): 1082-1095.
[15] Simons, J. S., Ritchey, M., Fernyhough, C. Brain mechanisms underlying the subjective experience of remembering. Annual Review of Psychology. 2022; 73: 159-186.
[16] Wang, Q., Hou, Y., Koh, J. B. K., Song, Q., Yang, Y. Culturally motivated remembering: The moderating role of culture for the relation of episodic memory to well-being. Clinical Psychological Science. 2018; 6(6): 860-871.
[17] Masuda, T., Nisbett, R. E. Culture and change blindness. Cognitive science. 2006; 30(2): 381-399.
[18] Staresina, B. P., Reber, T. P., Niediek, J., Boström, J., Elger, C. E., Mormann, F. Recollection in the human hippocampal-entorhinal cell circuitry. Nature communications. 2019; 10(1): 1503.
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