Beyond Standardization: Integrating Individual Needs into Evidence-Based Psychotherapy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine Research DOI: 10.32629/jcmr.v6i2.4052
Abstract
This article examines the limitations of evidence-based practice (EBP) in psychotherapy and proposes an integrated model that balances scientific methodology with personalized care. While EBP has advanced psychotherapy standardization through randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews, implementation barriers persist, including external validity limitations, inadequate protocol individualization, therapeutic alliance undervaluation, and policy constraints. The article proposes future directions incorporating technological innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and policy refinement to enhance individualization while maintaining scientific rigor.
Keywords
evidence-based practice, psychotherapy individualization, therapeutic alliance, cultural adaptation, external validity, practice-based evidence
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[2]Kazdin AE. Evidence-based treatment and practice: New opportunities to bridge clinical research and practice, enhance the knowledge base, and improve patient care. American Psychologist. 2008;63(3):146-159.
[3]Deacon BJ. The biomedical model of mental disorder: A critical analysis of its validity, utility, and effects on psychotherapy research. Clinical Psychology Review. 2013;33(7):846-861.
[4]Zimmerman M, Chelminski I, Posternak MA. Exclusion criteria used in antidepressant efficacy trials: Consistency across studies and representativeness of samples included. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2004;192(6):395-404.
[5]Horn SD, Gassaway J. Practice-based evidence study design for comparative effectiveness research. Medical Care. 2007;45(10):S50-S57.
[6]Colnet B, Mayer I, Chen G, Dieng A, Li R, Varoquaux G, Vert JP, Josse J, Yang S. Causal inference methods for combining randomized trials and observational studies: A review. arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.08047. 2020.
[7]Rothwell PM. External validity of randomised controlled trials: "To whom do the results of this trial apply?". The Lancet. 2005;365(9453):82-93.
[8]Gartlehner G, Hansen RA, Nissman D, Lohr KN, Carey TS. Criteria for distinguishing effectiveness from efficacy trials in systematic reviews. Technical Reviews, No.12. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US). 2006.
[9]Kim HS, Lee S. Real-world evidence and its key issues: Bridging the gap between research and clinical practice. Korean Journal of Internal Medicine. 2019;34(4):767-775.
[10]Hwang WC. The psychotherapy adaptation and modification framework: Application to Asian Americans. American Psychologist. 2006;61(7):702-715.
[11]Duncan E, Best C, Hagen S. Shared decision-making interventions for people with mental health conditions. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2010;(1):CD007297.
[12]Paris M, Silva M, Añez-Nava L, Jaramillo Y, Kiluk BD, Gordon MA, Nich C, Frankforter T, Devore K, Ball SA, Carroll KM. Culturally adapted, web-based cognitive behavioral therapy for Spanish-speaking individuals with substance use disorders: A randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Public Health. 2018;108(11):1535-1542.
[13]Norcross JC, Lambert MJ. Psychotherapy relationships that work II. Psychotherapy. 2011;48(1):4-8.
[14]Beck JS. Cognitive behavior therapy: Basics and beyond (2nd ed.). Guilford Press. 2011.
[15]Norcross JC, Wampold BE. A new therapy for each patient: Evidence-based relationships and responsiveness. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2018;74(11):1889-1906.
[16]Shedler J. The efficacy of psychodynamic psychotherapy. American Psychologist. 2010;65(2):98-109.
[17]Ivanovic M, Autexier S, Kokkonidis M. AI approaches in processing and using data in personalized medicine. arXiv preprint arXiv:2208.04698. 2022.
[18]Sugasawa S, Noma H. Efficient screening of predictive biomarkers for individual treatment selection. arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.01582. 2019.
[19]Westen D, Novotny CM, Thompson-Brenner H. The empirical status of empirically supported psychotherapies: Assumptions, findings, and reporting in controlled clinical trials. Psychological Bulletin. 2004;130(4):631-663.
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