Migration Inhibition Induced by Gypenosides and Its Combination Effect with 5-fluorouracil on Human Colon Cancer SW-620 Cells
Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine Research DOI: 10.32629/jcmr.v2i4.547
Abstract
In this study we investigate the migration inhibition of Gypenosides (Gyp) and its combined effects with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on human colon cancer SW-620 cells, hoping to explore more potential clinical use of Gyp. Our data implied Gyp could significantly inhibit the migration potential of SW-620 cells including down-regulating matrix Metalloproteinases expression and decreasing cells adhesion ability. What’s more, evidence showed cells treated with Gyp exerted serious microfilament network collapse as well as a significant decline in the number of microvilli. A significant migration inhibitory effect was seen in Gyp groups along with the decline of cell adhesion. Further, the combination studies suggested Gyp could synergistically enhance the antitumor effect of 5-FU in SW-620 cells through the apoptosis way. The present study indicated Gyp could prevent cell migration and further enhance the cell killing effect of 5-FU on human colon cancer SW-620 cells.
Keywords
Gypenosides, SW-620 cells, anti-migration, 5-FU, synergisticeffect
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China; Natural Science Basic Research Project of Shaanxi; Shaanxi Department of Education "Special Project for Emergent Public Health Safety"
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[32] Majumdar APN, Banerjee S, Nautiyal J, et al. (2009) Curcumin synergizes with resveratrol to inhibit colon cancer. Nutrition & Cancer 61: 544-553.
[33] Jingjing Su, Hui Cheng, Dandan Zhang, et al. (2014) Synergistic effects of 5-fluorouracil and gambogenic acid on A549 cells: activation of cell death caused by apoptotic and necroptotic mechanisms via the ROS-mitochondria pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 37(8): 1259-1268.
[2] Brenner H, Kloor M and Pox CP. (2014) Colorectal cancer. Lancet 383: 1490-1502.
[3] Shiragami R, Murata S, Kosugi C, et al. (2013) Enhanced antitumor activity of cerulenin combined with oxaliplatin in human colon cancer cells. International Journal of Oncology 43: 431-438.
[4] Wang Y, Cheng X, Wang P, et al. (2014) Investigating migration inhibition and apoptotic effects of Fomitopsis pinicola chloroform extract on human colorectal cancer SW-480 cells. PLoS One 9: e101303.
[5] Han T, Kang D, Ji D, et al. (2013) How does cancer cell metabolism affect tumor migration and invasion? Cell Adhesion & Migration 7(5): 395-403.
[6] Yu H, Zhang H, Zhao W, et al. (2016) Gypenoside Protects against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Cardiomyocytes Apoptosis via Inhibition of CHOP Pathway and Activation of PI3K/Akt Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. Cellular Physiology & Biochemistry 39: 123-136.
[7] Wang QF, Chen JC, Hsieh SJ, et al. (2002) Regulation of Bcl-2 family molecules and activation of caspase cascade involved in gypenosides-induced apoptosis in human hepatoma cells. Cancer Lett 183: 169-178.
[8] Ng PL, Rajab NF, Then SM, et al. (2014) Piper betle leaf extract enhances the cytotoxicity effect of 5-fluorouracil in inhibiting the growth of HT29 and HCT116 colon cancer cells. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 15: 692-700.
[9] Gonzálezvallinas M, Molina S, Vicente G, et al. (2013) Antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil is enhanced by rosemary extract in both drug sensitive and resistant colon cancer cells. Pharmacological Research 72: 61-68.
[10] Mijatovic SA, Timotijevic GS, Miljkovic DM, et al. (2011) Multiple antimelanoma potential of dry olive leaf extract. Int J Cancer 128: 1955-1965.
[11] Mcdonald BR and Scheidt KA. (2015) Pyranone natural products as inspirations for catalytic reaction discovery and development. Accounts of Chemical Research 48: 1172-1183.
[12] Crespoortiz MP and Wei MQ. (2011) Antitumor activity of artemisinin and its derivatives: from a well-known antimalarial agent to a potential anticancer drug. BioMed research international 2012: 247597.
[13] Hsiao WLW and Liang L. (2010) The Role of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines in Cancer Therapy – from TCM Theory to Mechanistic Insights. Planta medica 76: 1118-1131.
[14] Wagner H. (2011) Synergy research: Approaching a new generation of phytopharmaceuticals. Fitoterapia 82: 34-37.
[15] Cheng X, Xiao Y, Wang X, et al. (2012) Anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic activity of ethanolic extract and its various fractions from Polytrichum commune L.ex Hedw in L1210 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 143(1): 49-56.
[16] Verma M, Singh SK, Bhushan S, et al. (2008) In vitro cytotoxic potential of Polyalthia longifolia on human cancer cell lines and induction of apoptosis through mitochondrial-dependent pathway in HL-60 cells. Chem Biol Interact 171: 45-56.
[17] Yamada KM and Geiger B. (1997) Molecular interactions in cell adhesion complexes. Current Opinion in Cell Biology 9: 76-85.
[18] McInroy L and Määttä A. (2007) Down-regulation of vimentin expression inhibits carcinoma cell migration and adhesion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 360: 109-114.
[19] Fan C, Chen J, Wang Y, et al. (2013) Selenocystine potentiates cancer cell apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouracil by triggering reactive oxygen species-mediated DNA damage and inactivation of the ERK pathway. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 65: 305-316.
[20] Chen JC, Lu KW, Lee JH, et al. (2006) Gypenosides induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells through the mitochondria-dependent pathways and activation of caspase-3. Anticancer research 26(2B): 4313-4326.
[21] Tanner MA, Bu X, Steimle JA, et al. (1999) The direct release of nitric oxide by gypenosides derived from the herb Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Nitric Oxide 3: 359-365.
[22] Lu KW, Chen JC, Lai TY, et al. (2011) Gypenosides inhibits migration and invasion of human oral cancer SAS cells through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 -9 and urokinase-plasminogen by ERK1/2 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. Hum Exp Toxicol 30: 406-415.
[23] Yan H, Wang X, Wang Y, et al. (2014) Antiproliferation and anti-migration induced by gypenosides in human colon cancer SW620 and esophageal cancer Eca-109 cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 33: 522-533.
[24] Zhao F, Li L, Guan L, et al. (2014) Roles for GP IIb/IIIa and αvβ3 integrins in MDA-MB-231 cell invasion and shear flow-induced cancer cell mechanotransduction. Cancer Lett 344: 62-73.
[25] Albert Leibovitz, James C.Stinson, William B. McCombs III, et al. (1976) Classification of Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines. Cancer Research 36(12): 4562-9.
[26] Cooper JA. (1991) The role of actin polymerization in cell motility. Annual Review of Physiology 53: 585-605.
[27] Khaitlina SY. (2001) Functional specificity of actin isoforms. International Review of Cytology 202: 35-98.
[28] Laster SM and Jr MJ. (2015) Bleb formation and F-actin distribution during mitosis and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis. Microscopy Research & Technique 34: 272-280.
[29] Keefe DM, Sonis ST and Bowen JM. (2008) Emerging drugs for chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 13: 511-522.
[30] Cheah KY, Howarth GS, Bindon KA, et al. (2014) Low molecular weight procyanidins from grape seeds enhance the impact of 5-Fluorouracil chemotherapy on Caco-2 human colon cancer cells. PLoS One 9(6): e98921.
[31] Xu H. (2016) (Z)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene, a natural product, induces apoptosis and reduces viability of paclitaxel-and cisplatin-resistant osteosarcoma cells. Journal of Cancer Research & Therapeutics 12(4): 1261-1265.
[32] Majumdar APN, Banerjee S, Nautiyal J, et al. (2009) Curcumin synergizes with resveratrol to inhibit colon cancer. Nutrition & Cancer 61: 544-553.
[33] Jingjing Su, Hui Cheng, Dandan Zhang, et al. (2014) Synergistic effects of 5-fluorouracil and gambogenic acid on A549 cells: activation of cell death caused by apoptotic and necroptotic mechanisms via the ROS-mitochondria pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 37(8): 1259-1268.
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