Calligraphy art prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, and hemp paper, as the mainstream writing carrier at that time, created a unique aesthetic temperament. Most of the existing calligraphy studies focus on brushwork, calligraphy style and text examination. They rarely dig deep into the aesthetic value of calligraphy from the perspective of paper medium, ignoring the shaping role of hemp paper material, texture, etc. on pen and ink lines and charm. In this study, the aesthetic connotation of hemp paper calligraphy is analyzed from the two aspects of the beauty of pen and ink lines and the beauty of the culture of the times, taking the physical relics of "Lanting Preface" and "Zhang Good Poems" as analysis samples. The study of the aesthetic logic of hemp paper calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty is conducive to providing reference for the selection of contemporary calligraphy works and realizing the goal of aesthetic inheritance of ancient methods.