Journal: Agricultural Science DOI: 10.32629/as.v9i8.4246
Abstract
声音环境是规模化奶牛养殖中容易被忽视但具有调控潜力的外部因子。既往研究多 从音乐类型出发,探讨轻音乐、民族音乐、摇滚乐、打击乐及不同乐器声源对奶牛产 奶量、乳成分和血液激素的影响,但“音乐类型”分类主观性较强,难以明确真正发挥 作用的声学参数。定向声频刺激以频率、节奏、声强、持续时间、播放方向和声源 距离等可量化指标为基础,可将经验性音乐播放转化为可重复、可评价的环境调控技 术。适宜声频刺激可能通过降低奶牛警觉和焦躁反应,稳定采食、反刍和卧躺行为, 减轻下丘脑—垂体—肾上腺轴及交感—肾上腺髓质系统介导的应激反应,并进一步影响 5-羟色胺、γ-氨基丁酸、β- 内啡肽、催乳素、催产素、生长激素和胰岛素等神经内分泌指标,从而改善乳汁合成 、排乳反射和乳品质量。相反,高声强、快节奏或频率突变明显的声源可能诱发应激 ,抑制泌乳性能。本文围绕定向声频刺激调控奶牛泌乳性能的生理应激响应与神经内 分泌机制进行综述,以期为奶牛非药物化、福利友好型和智能化精准养殖提供理论参 考。
Keywords
定向声频刺激；奶牛；泌乳性能；生理应激；神经内分泌；精准养殖
Funding
宁夏医科大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(项目编号：S202510752062)。
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