Journal: Agricultural Science DOI: 10.32629/as.v9i7.4178
Abstract
土壤盐渍化是限制设施蔬菜和露地瓜类稳产的重要非生物胁迫[1]。黄瓜、西瓜、甜 瓜和南瓜等经济价值高,但整体耐盐性偏弱,不同物种在离子排斥、液泡区隔、抗氧 化调节和砧木适应性方面差异明显。本文系统比较盐胁迫感知与信号转导、离子转 运蛋白、转录因子调控网络、QTL/GWAS与多组学、嫁接分子机制及基因组编辑技术 的研究进展。HKT、NHX、SOS1、NPF和HAK/KUP等转运蛋白共同参与Na⁺/K⁺稳态维持 ；南瓜砧木中CmoCDPK20–CmoDREB2A–CmoNAC1模块连接Ca²⁺信号、ABA合成、ROS产生 和离子运输[2]；嫁接通过砧木排钠、根- 冠信号和可移动mRNA调节接穗耐盐性[3]。当前研究物种间不均衡,甜瓜耐盐QTL/GW AS、黄瓜和西瓜NHX家族系统解析、南瓜CmoSOS1直接功能验证仍较薄弱。未来需建 立跨物种统一表型评价体系,整合种质资源、分子标记、砧木筛选和多基因编辑,推 动耐盐材料从基因发现走向育种利用。
Keywords
瓜类作物；耐盐性；离子稳态；转录调控；嫁接；基因组编辑；分子育种
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