鬼稻对水稻生产的危害：现状与挑战
Journal: Agricultural Science DOI: 10.32629/as.v9i3.3807
Abstract
鬼稻(杂草稻)是一种全球性的严重危害水稻生产的恶性杂草。本文介绍其危害现状、发生机理、对水稻生产的影响等。鬼稻因与栽培稻争夺养分水分,导致稻米产量大幅降低、品质下降(糙米率、整精米率下降10%~15%),且不易防除。在我国,受侵稻田面积达333万公顷以上,平均每年减产稻谷38亿公斤,部分地区减产率高达75%。文中阐明鬼稻研究存在的问题：缺少适合我国条件的防控技术、存在基因渗入的风险、生态适应性不强,并提出建议为未来研究方向指引,助力水稻生产健康可持续发展。
Keywords
鬼稻；杂草稻；水稻生产；危害；现状；挑战
Funding
(1)湛江市科技计划项目(编号：2021A05221),穿心莲绿色高效栽培技术示范和推广；(2)茂名市2025年度哲学社会科学规划共建项目(编号：2025GJ71),项目名称：科技赋能助力茂名市盐碱地综合利用的实践路径研究；(3)2025年茂名市科技计划立项项目(编号：2025069),项目名称：茂名市盐碱地种植水稻研究。
Full Text
PDF - Viewed/Downloaded: 1 TimesReferences
[1] 吴文革,季雅岚,习敏,等.杂草稻的生物学特性及利用研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(17):30-33.
[2] QIUJ,ZHOUY, MAO L F,et al.Genomic insights into the adaptation of weedy rice in agroecosystems[J]. Nature Plants, 2021,7(8):1025-1037.
[3] GUO X B,JI H S,FENG C Y,et al.Study on damage characteristics of weedy rice[J].Agricultural Science &Technology,2015,16(4):789-792 .
[4] RUPASINGHE K M A S K,RATNASEKERA D.Germination behavior of weedy rice under field conditions at different sowing depths[C]// Proceedings of the International Symposium on Agriculture and Environment 2013.Matara,Sri Lanka: University of Ruhuna,2013:245-247 .
[5] 吕树伟,唐璇,李晨.水稻落粒性研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2025,58(1):1-9.
[6] ABEYSEKARAASK, WICKRAMARATHNE M S, NUGALIYADDE L, et al. Agro-morphological variations of weedy rice populations (Oryza sativa spontanea) in Sri Lanka[C]// Proceedings of the 24th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Bandung, Indonesia:APWSS,2013:206-213.
[7] FAO.Global assessment of rice production constraints[R].Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,2022 .
[8] LI Y,ZHANG W,WANG C X,et al.Nutrient uptake characteristics of weedy rice and its competition with cultivated rice[J].Field Crops Research,2020,256:107986 .
[9] ZHANG H, CHEN L, LIU Y, et al.Yield loss and nutrient competition of cultivated rice under weedy rice infestation[J].Crop Protection,2022,158:105921 .
[10] WANG J,ZHANG Q,SUN F,et al.Morphological traits and light competition of weedy rice in rice fields[J].Weed Science,2019,67(3):289-296 .
[11] CHEN L,JIN M,ZHANG W L,et al.Photosynthetic response of cultivated rice to light competition from weedy rice[J]. Photosynthetica,2021,59(2):412-420 .
[12] XU M,LI S,WANG Y,et al.Drought tolerance and water use efficiency of weedy rice in comparison with cultivated rice[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2023,209(4):387 -396.
[13] LIU S,MAO D,WU Z,et al.Allelopathic substances released by weedy rice and their effects on cultivated rice[J].Allelopathy Journal,2020,47(2):211-225 .
[14] HUANG Q, LIU R, LI F, et al. Effects of vanillic acid and ferulic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of cultivated rice[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2018,85(1):123 -131.
[15] ZHAO X,SUN W,LI B,et al.Allelochemicals from weedy rice alter rhizosphere microbial community structure of cultivated rice[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2024, 189:109087.
[16] SUN W, QIAN Q, TANG L, et al. Genetic introgressionbetween weedy rice and cultivated rice in China[J]. Genome Biology and Evolution,2021,13(9):evab198 .
[17] JIANG L,HUANG X,ZHANG Y,et al.The impact of shattering gene qSH1 introgression on cultivated rice yield[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2022,135(8):2689-2701 .
[18] CAO Y,LIU J,ZHANG H,et al.Weedy rice as a reservoir for rice pathogens and pests in paddy fields[J].Crop Protection,2024,176:106289 .
[19] WU J,FANG F,CHEN Y,et al.Correlation between weedy rice density and rice disease and pest occurrence[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2023,22(5):1423-1432 .
[20] YUAN H,WANG Z,LI P,et al.Seed dormancy characteristics and longevity of weedy rice in soil seed bank[J].Weed Research,2022,62(3):215-224 .
[21] XIE S,MA H,ZHAO Q,et al.Seed shattering trait of weedy rice and its influence on field infestation[J].Plant Breeding,2021,140(2):287-295 .
[22] LIN Y,ZHANG K,LIU M,et al.Natural dispersal characteristics of weedy rice seeds via water and wind[J].Weed Science,2023,71(4):380-387 .
[23] PENG M,ZHOU T,HUANG L,et al.Human-mediated dispersal of weedy rice seeds via agricultural machinery[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2024,351:108452 .
[24] GUPTA A,SINGH S,KUMAR R,et al.Nano-herbicides for selective control of weedy rice[J].ACS Agricultural Science& Technology,2023,3(2):156-165 .
[25] KATO-NOGUCHI H,MORIMOTO M,SUENAGA K.Allelopathic interaction between weedy rice and cultivated rice under drought stress[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2022,180:27-34.
[2] QIUJ,ZHOUY, MAO L F,et al.Genomic insights into the adaptation of weedy rice in agroecosystems[J]. Nature Plants, 2021,7(8):1025-1037.
[3] GUO X B,JI H S,FENG C Y,et al.Study on damage characteristics of weedy rice[J].Agricultural Science &Technology,2015,16(4):789-792 .
[4] RUPASINGHE K M A S K,RATNASEKERA D.Germination behavior of weedy rice under field conditions at different sowing depths[C]// Proceedings of the International Symposium on Agriculture and Environment 2013.Matara,Sri Lanka: University of Ruhuna,2013:245-247 .
[5] 吕树伟,唐璇,李晨.水稻落粒性研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2025,58(1):1-9.
[6] ABEYSEKARAASK, WICKRAMARATHNE M S, NUGALIYADDE L, et al. Agro-morphological variations of weedy rice populations (Oryza sativa spontanea) in Sri Lanka[C]// Proceedings of the 24th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Bandung, Indonesia:APWSS,2013:206-213.
[7] FAO.Global assessment of rice production constraints[R].Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,2022 .
[8] LI Y,ZHANG W,WANG C X,et al.Nutrient uptake characteristics of weedy rice and its competition with cultivated rice[J].Field Crops Research,2020,256:107986 .
[9] ZHANG H, CHEN L, LIU Y, et al.Yield loss and nutrient competition of cultivated rice under weedy rice infestation[J].Crop Protection,2022,158:105921 .
[10] WANG J,ZHANG Q,SUN F,et al.Morphological traits and light competition of weedy rice in rice fields[J].Weed Science,2019,67(3):289-296 .
[11] CHEN L,JIN M,ZHANG W L,et al.Photosynthetic response of cultivated rice to light competition from weedy rice[J]. Photosynthetica,2021,59(2):412-420 .
[12] XU M,LI S,WANG Y,et al.Drought tolerance and water use efficiency of weedy rice in comparison with cultivated rice[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2023,209(4):387 -396.
[13] LIU S,MAO D,WU Z,et al.Allelopathic substances released by weedy rice and their effects on cultivated rice[J].Allelopathy Journal,2020,47(2):211-225 .
[14] HUANG Q, LIU R, LI F, et al. Effects of vanillic acid and ferulic acid on seed germination and seedling growth of cultivated rice[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2018,85(1):123 -131.
[15] ZHAO X,SUN W,LI B,et al.Allelochemicals from weedy rice alter rhizosphere microbial community structure of cultivated rice[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2024, 189:109087.
[16] SUN W, QIAN Q, TANG L, et al. Genetic introgressionbetween weedy rice and cultivated rice in China[J]. Genome Biology and Evolution,2021,13(9):evab198 .
[17] JIANG L,HUANG X,ZHANG Y,et al.The impact of shattering gene qSH1 introgression on cultivated rice yield[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2022,135(8):2689-2701 .
[18] CAO Y,LIU J,ZHANG H,et al.Weedy rice as a reservoir for rice pathogens and pests in paddy fields[J].Crop Protection,2024,176:106289 .
[19] WU J,FANG F,CHEN Y,et al.Correlation between weedy rice density and rice disease and pest occurrence[J].Journal of Integrative Agriculture,2023,22(5):1423-1432 .
[20] YUAN H,WANG Z,LI P,et al.Seed dormancy characteristics and longevity of weedy rice in soil seed bank[J].Weed Research,2022,62(3):215-224 .
[21] XIE S,MA H,ZHAO Q,et al.Seed shattering trait of weedy rice and its influence on field infestation[J].Plant Breeding,2021,140(2):287-295 .
[22] LIN Y,ZHANG K,LIU M,et al.Natural dispersal characteristics of weedy rice seeds via water and wind[J].Weed Science,2023,71(4):380-387 .
[23] PENG M,ZHOU T,HUANG L,et al.Human-mediated dispersal of weedy rice seeds via agricultural machinery[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2024,351:108452 .
[24] GUPTA A,SINGH S,KUMAR R,et al.Nano-herbicides for selective control of weedy rice[J].ACS Agricultural Science& Technology,2023,3(2):156-165 .
[25] KATO-NOGUCHI H,MORIMOTO M,SUENAGA K.Allelopathic interaction between weedy rice and cultivated rice under drought stress[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2022,180:27-34.
Copyright © 2026 李佳昀, 林刿, 胡晓玲, 陆有文, 吴炬怡, 陈苗
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License