First case of renal metastases in a pediatric patient with differentiated thyroid carcinoma in Venezuela
Journal: Advances in Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research DOI: 10.32629/ameir.v3i4.4853
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy and is rarely diagnosed during childhood, representing approximately 4% of all pediatric cancers. At the time of diagnosis, these patients often present with more advanced disease, larger tumors, frequent extrathyroidal extension, lymph node involvement, and distant metastases. We present a case of a 10-year-old male schoolchild diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma presenting with metastatic pulmonary disease at debut. He was treated with total thyroidectomy, bilateral cervical lymph node dissection, radioiodine, sorafenib, and levothyroxine. During total body scanning, increased concentration of the radiotracer was observed in both kidneys, coinciding with hyperrefractive areas on computed tomography, confirming the diagnosis of renal metastasis. This pathology has been observed in less than 1% of cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in pediatric patients worldwide and is the first such case reported in the Venezuelan literature.
Keywords
papillary thyroid cancer; metastasis of the neoplasm, kidney; nuclear medicine; iodine radioisotopes
Full Text
PDF - Viewed/Downloaded: 0 TimesReferences
[1] Nies M. Childhood differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Clinical course and late effects of treatment. University of Groningen. Disponuble en:URL: https://pure.rug.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/145080705/ Complete_thesis.pdf
[2] Hogan AR, Zhuge Y, Pérez EA, Koniaris LG, Lew JI, Sola JE. Pediatric thyroid carcinoma: Incidence and outcomes in 1753 patients. J Surg Res. 2009;156(1):167-172.
[3] Holmes L, Hossain J, Opara F. Pediatric thyroid carcinoma incidence and temporal trends in the USA (1973–2007): Race or shifting diagnostic paradigm? SRN Oncol.
[4] Calzada L, Ruiz M, Rivera A, Bahena A. Cáncer diferenciado de tiroides en niños. Rev Mex Endocrinol Metab Nutr. 2020;7:37-42.
[5] Liu Y, Su L, Xiao H. Review of factors related to the thyroid cancer epidemic. Int J Endocrinol. 2017;2017:5308635.
[6] Niedziela M. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management ofthyroid nodules in children. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006;13(2):427-453.
[7] Baez J, Zurakowski D, Vargas SO, Lee EY. Incidental thyroid nodules detected on thoracic contrast- enhanced CT in the pediatric population: prevalence and outcomes. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205.3:W360-365.
[8] Alzahrani A, Alkhafaji D, Tuli M, Hindi Al-Hindi, Sadiq BB. Comparison of differentiated thyroid cancer in children and adolescents (≤ 20 years) with young adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;84(4):571-577.
[9] Nies M, Vasilopoulou-Sellin R, Bassett RL, Yedururi S, Zafereo ME, Cabanillas ME, et al. Distant metastases from childhood differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Clinical course and mutational landscape. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(4):e1683-e1697.
[10] Hay ID, Gonzalez-Losada T, Reinalda MS, Honetschlager JA, Richards ML, Thompson GB. Long-term outcome in 215 children and adolescents with papillary thyroid cancer treated during 1940 through 2008. World J Surg. 2010; 34(6):1192-1202.
[11] O'Sullivan B, Brierley J, Byrd D, Bosman F, Kehoe S, Kossary C, et al. The TNM classification of malignant tumours—towards common understanding and reasonable expectations. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(7):849-851.
[12] Francis GL, Waguespack SG, Bauer AJ, Angelos P, Benvenga S, Cerutti JM, et al. American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. Management guidelines for children with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2015;25(7):716-759.
[13] Ahmed M, Aslam M, Ahmed J, Faraz HA, Almahfouz A, Arifi AA, et al. Renal metastases from thyroid cancer masquerading as renal angiomyolipoma on ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2006;25(11):1459-1464.
[14] Cheon M, Choi JY, Kim HK, Chung JH, Ko YH, Kim YE, et al. Renal metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma diagnosed by I-131 whole-body scan mimicking renal cell carcinoma on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010;45(1):72-75.
[2] Hogan AR, Zhuge Y, Pérez EA, Koniaris LG, Lew JI, Sola JE. Pediatric thyroid carcinoma: Incidence and outcomes in 1753 patients. J Surg Res. 2009;156(1):167-172.
[3] Holmes L, Hossain J, Opara F. Pediatric thyroid carcinoma incidence and temporal trends in the USA (1973–2007): Race or shifting diagnostic paradigm? SRN Oncol.
[4] Calzada L, Ruiz M, Rivera A, Bahena A. Cáncer diferenciado de tiroides en niños. Rev Mex Endocrinol Metab Nutr. 2020;7:37-42.
[5] Liu Y, Su L, Xiao H. Review of factors related to the thyroid cancer epidemic. Int J Endocrinol. 2017;2017:5308635.
[6] Niedziela M. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and management ofthyroid nodules in children. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2006;13(2):427-453.
[7] Baez J, Zurakowski D, Vargas SO, Lee EY. Incidental thyroid nodules detected on thoracic contrast- enhanced CT in the pediatric population: prevalence and outcomes. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015;205.3:W360-365.
[8] Alzahrani A, Alkhafaji D, Tuli M, Hindi Al-Hindi, Sadiq BB. Comparison of differentiated thyroid cancer in children and adolescents (≤ 20 years) with young adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016;84(4):571-577.
[9] Nies M, Vasilopoulou-Sellin R, Bassett RL, Yedururi S, Zafereo ME, Cabanillas ME, et al. Distant metastases from childhood differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Clinical course and mutational landscape. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021;106(4):e1683-e1697.
[10] Hay ID, Gonzalez-Losada T, Reinalda MS, Honetschlager JA, Richards ML, Thompson GB. Long-term outcome in 215 children and adolescents with papillary thyroid cancer treated during 1940 through 2008. World J Surg. 2010; 34(6):1192-1202.
[11] O'Sullivan B, Brierley J, Byrd D, Bosman F, Kehoe S, Kossary C, et al. The TNM classification of malignant tumours—towards common understanding and reasonable expectations. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(7):849-851.
[12] Francis GL, Waguespack SG, Bauer AJ, Angelos P, Benvenga S, Cerutti JM, et al. American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. Management guidelines for children with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2015;25(7):716-759.
[13] Ahmed M, Aslam M, Ahmed J, Faraz HA, Almahfouz A, Arifi AA, et al. Renal metastases from thyroid cancer masquerading as renal angiomyolipoma on ultrasonography. J Ultrasound Med. 2006;25(11):1459-1464.
[14] Cheon M, Choi JY, Kim HK, Chung JH, Ko YH, Kim YE, et al. Renal metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma diagnosed by I-131 whole-body scan mimicking renal cell carcinoma on contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010;45(1):72-75.
Copyright © 2026 Nathaly Brito, Ana Zárate, Aisa Manzo, Juan Llanos, Franyely Almonte
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License