Advances in Medicine and Engineering Interdisciplinary Research

This paper examines the integration of forensic science and trace examination techniques in modern criminal investigations, highlighting the transformative impact on evidence analysis and case resolution. It critically analyzes the advancements in technologies such as DNA profiling, fingerprint analysis, and digital forensics, and their contributions to enhancing investigative accuracy. Concurrently, the paper addresses the legal and ethical challenges posed by these technologies, including issues related to privacy, evidence admissibility, and potential misuse. Through case studies and legal framework analysis, the study illustrates the need for robust legal and ethical guidelines to govern the application of forensic technologies in criminal justice.