Area Requirement Analysis and Zoning Criteria for Architectural Programming of Healthcare Buildings in India
Journal: Architecture Engineering and Science DOI: 10.32629/aes.v4i2.1184
Abstract
A hospital is a place of health care that offers patient care using professional medical and nursing personnel and equipment. A healthcare building comprises many departments including Emergency, Out Patient Department (OPD), In-Patient Department (IPD), Diagnostic, Surgery and other Specialties. Design of a healthcare building is a challenging task and students / professionals often remain clueless about the applicable standards and approach of architectural design for such buildings. Building services, materials and the maintenance aspects make the task further complex. An attempt has been made to present the aspects related to space requirements for healthcare building before the user group. The objective of this study is to explore and analyse the space requirements of healthcare buildings as per applicable standards and established practices. The room wise comprehensive area requirements for various zones are proposed which can be considered as ready reckoner. Such a database shall facilitate the students of architecture, architects building industry professionals involved in the design of hospitals and healthcare buildings. Various books, documents, standards and codes related to design and requirements of healthcare facilities of various types/magnitudes were studied, together with the manufacturer’s data for various Equipment. A comprehensive study of various space requirements for different departments in the hospital buildings was carried out and inferences and design implications were drawn. The area charts are prepared for all the zones of a hospital building considering the common amenities and circulation areas, appropriately. The relationship chart is prepared to graphically represent the outcome. There were gaps in the literature available so far and zone or department wise comprehensive area requirements were not available and hence user group were to struggle to formulate area statements for a hospital building. This paper presents the room wise area requirements for various zones in hospital building in comprehensive manner, which can be used as ready reckoner by architects and building professionals.
Keywords
Area analysis, Zoning, Architectural programming, Hospitals, Healthcare buildings, India
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[7]DGHS, M. (2010). IPHS Guidelines for 101 to 200 Bedded District Hospitals (DRAFT). Govt of India.
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[9]Eltahlawy, D., Zaki, M., & Eldawla, M. K. (2022). New Healthcare Design Guidelines for the Diagnostic Radiology Department in the Tertiary Healthcare Facilities. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1056(1), 012006. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1056/1/012006
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[14]Safeer A., Singh J., Kamal Arif M. & Zubair Mujeeb S. (2020) Person-Centered Care Design with Reference to Healthcare Outcomes in Saudi Arabia: An Overview. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 8(3):91-96. doi: 10.12691/ajcea-8-3-2
[15]Vahdatzad, V., & Griffin, J. (2016). Outpatient clinic layout design accounting for flexible policies. 2016 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 3668–3669. https://doi.org/10.1109/WSC.2016.7822391
[16]Zhao, Y., & Mourshed, M. (2012). Design indicators for better accommodation environments in hospitals: inpatients’ perceptions. Intelligent Buildings International, 4(4), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2012.701186
[17]Zhao, Y., & Mourshed, M. (2017). Patients’ Perspectives on the Design of Hospital Outpatient Areas. Buildings, 7(4), 117. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings7040117
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