Environmental Impact and Mitigation Benefits of Urban Heat Island Effect: A Systematic Review
Journal: Architecture Engineering and Science DOI: 10.32629/aes.v3i3.1008
Abstract
The high temperature in city centres and urban areas than their surroundings, known as the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect, which causes discomfort to city dwellers in the summer season, is gaining much attention worldwide as the world continues to urbanize. The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon where urban areas are experiencing high temperature than the surrounding rural areas. The current rapid urbanization in India cause of temperature rises, undeniable climatic changes etc. because of it heat island phenomenon occur which call for a need to address the issue of its consequences and awareness. To counterbalance this, various mitigation strategies has been introduced and new technologies are developed which helps in identifying the hot pockets in a city. Due to the seriousness of the problem, extensive research has been done and a lot of literature study of the subject is available. The literature in this domain provides the most up-to-date research methods, concepts, procedures, investigative tools, and mitigation strategies. The aim of this paper is to present state of the art on environmental benefits of UHI mitigation applied at city scale level like benefits of green roof, high albedo material, water body, modification in building envelope and also suggest that future study should concentrate on design and planning characteristics in order to minimize the level of urban heat island and, as a result, live in a better environment.
Keywords
urbanisation, urban heat island effect, green roofs, natural cooling, sustainable design, high albedo material
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[54]Xian-Xiang Li & Norford L. K. (2016). Evaluation of cool roof and vegetations in mitigating urban heat island in a tropical city, Singapore. Urban Climate, vol. 16, 59-74.
[55]Zheng T., Ka-Lun K. & Ng E. (2017). Planning strategies for roadside tree planting and outdoor comfort enhancement in subtropical high-density urban areas. Building and Environment, vol. 120, 93-109.
[56]Zhifeng W. & Chen L. D. (2017). Optimizing the spatial arrangement of trees in residential neighborhoods for better cooling effects: Integrating modeling with in-situ measurements. Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 167, 463-472.
[2]Amir Aboelata, S. S. (2019). Evaluating the effect of trees on UHI mitigation & reduction of energy usage in different built up areas in Cairo. Building and Environment, 1-31.
[3]Architects, A. B. (2014). Scoping Study For Policy Initiatives To Minimise Urban Heat Island Effect For Low Carbon Urban Growth, Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation, India.
[4]Atasoy, M. (2019). Assessing the impacts of landuse/landcover change on the development of urban heat island effect. Environment, Development and Sustainability, vol. 22, issue 8, 1-11, Springer.
[5]Attia, S., & Evrard, A. (2013). Benchmark Models for Air Conditioned Residential Buildings in Hot Humid Climate. 13th International Conference of the International Building Performance Simulation Association, Chambery, France, 26-30.
[6]Berardi U. (2014). State-of-the-art analysis of the environmental benefits of green roofs. Applied Energy, vol. 115, 411-428.
[7]Boris Bonn, (2016). BAERLIN2014 – the influence of land surface types on and the horizontal heterogeneity of air pollutant levels in Berlin. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol. 16, 7785-7811.
[8]Brien L. O., Vreese R., Kern M., Sievanen B., Stojanova B. and Atmis E. (2017). Cultural ecosystem benefits of urban and peri-urban green infrastructure across different European countries. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, vol. 24, 236-248.
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[10]Chaohui Yin, M. Y. (2018). Effects of urban form on the urban heat island effect based on spatial regression model. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 634, 696-704.
[11]Chakraborty T., Sarangi C. & Tripathi S. N. (2016). Understanding Diurnality and Inter-Seasonality of a Sub-tropical Urban Heat Island. Boundary-Layer Meteorol, vol. 163, 1-23.
[12]Chatterjee, A. K. (2019). Simulating micro-scale thermal interactions in different building environments for mitigating urban heat islands. Science of The Total Environment, vol. 663, 610-631.
[13]El-Hattab, M., S.M., A., & G.E., L. (2018). Monitoring and assessment of urban heat islands over the southern region of Cairo Governorate, Egypt. AGRIS, 311-323.
[14]Eun-Soon Im, Jeremy S. P. & Eltahir B. E. (2017). Deadly heat waves projected in the densely populated agricultural regions of South Asia. Science Advances, col. 3, issue 8, 1-8.
[15]Filho W. L., Icaza L. E., Neht A., Klavins M. and Morgan E. A. (2017). Coping with the impacts of Urban Heat Islands A literature based study on understanding urban heat vulnerability and the need for resilience in cities in a global climate change context. Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 171, 1-26.
[16]Gartland, L. (2010). Heat Islands: Understanding and Mitigating Heat in Urban Areas. Routledge, Taylor and Francis, 1-187.
[17]Hanna, G. B. (2013). Sustainable Energy Potential in the Egyptian Residential Sector. Environmental Science and Engineering, vol. 2, 374-382.
[18]Hiemstra J. A., Saaroni H. & Amorim J. H. (2017). The Urban Heat Island: Thermal Comfort and the Role of Urban Greening. The Urban Forest, vol. 7, 7-19.
[19]Huidong Li, Meier F. Lee X., Chakraborty T., Liu J., Schaap M. and Sodoudi S. (2018). Interaction between urban heat island and urban pollution island during summer in Berlin. Science of the Total Environment, vol. 636, 1-11.
[20]Jensen, B. (2017). Benefits of green roofs: A systematic review of the evidence for three ecosystem services. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 167-176.
[21]Julia N. Georgi & Dimitriou D. (2010). The contribution of urban green spaces to the improvement of environment in cities: Case study of Chania, Greece. Building and Environment, vol. 45, 1401-1414.
[22]Kaveh Deilamia, M. K. (2018). Urban heat island effect: A systematic review of spatio-temporal factors,data, methods, and mitigation measures. International Journal of Appied Earth Obs Geoinformation, vol. 67, 30-42.
[23]Kotharkar R., Bagade A. and Raj Singh P. (2020). A systematic approach for urban heat island mitigation strategies in critical local climate zones of an Indian city. Urban Climate, vol. 34, 1-17.
[24]Kumar R. & Mishra V. (2019). Decline in surface urban heat island intensity in India during heatwaves. IOP, vol. 1, issue 3, 1-16.
[25]Luma M. Al-Saadi, Sundus H. J. and Al Jiboori M. H. (2020). Variation of urban vegetation cover and its impact on minimum and maximum heat islands. Urban Climate, vol. 34, 1-10.
[26]Loyde Vieira de Abreu-Harbich, ,. L. (2015). Effect of tree planting design and tree species on human thermal comfort in the tropics. Landscape and Urban Planning, 99-109.
[27]McDonnell M. J. and MacGregor-Fors I. (2016). The ecological future of cities. urban planet, vol. 6288, 936-938.
[28]Meerow S. & Newell J. P. (2016). Spatial planning for multifunctional green infrastructure: Growing resilience in Detroit. Landscape and Urban Planning, 159, 1-14.
[29]Mehreen S. Gul, S. P. (2015). Understanding the energy consumption and occupancy of a multi-purpose academic building. Energy and Buildings, Vol. 87, 155-165.
[30]Memon R. A., Leung D. Y. and Liu C (2008). A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of Urban Heat Island. Journal of Environmental Sciences, vol. 20, issue 1.
[31]Mohajerani A., Bakaric J. and Jeffrey-Bailey T. (2017). The urban heat island effect, its causes, and mitigation, with reference to the thermal properties of asphalt concrete. Journal of Environmental Management, 197, 522-538.
[32]Morakinyo T. E., Kong L., Lau K. K., Yuan C. and Ng E. (2017). A study on the impact of shadow-cast and tree species on in-canyon and neighborhood's thermal comfort. Building and Environment, vol. 115, 1-17.
[33]Neil Debbage, J. M. (2015). The urban heat island effect and city contiguity. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 181-194.
[34]Ohara, H. A. (2007). An Asian emission inventory of anthropogenic emission sources for the period 1980–2020.
[35]Ohara, T., Akimoto, H., Kurokawa, J., Horii, N., Yamaji, K., Yan, X., & Hayasaka, T. (2007). An Asian emission inventory of .Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 4419-4444.
[36]Oke, I. D. (2012). Local Climate Zones for Urban Temperature Studies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 1879-1900.
[37]Oliver Buchin, M. T. H. (2016). Evaluation of the health-risk reduction potential of countermeasures to urban heat islands. Energy and Buildings, 27-37.
[38]Or Aleksandrowicz, M. V. (2017). Current trends in urban heat island mitigation research: Observations based on a comprehensive research repository. Urban Climate, 289(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2017.04.002), 1-26.
[39]Pearlmutter, D., Ktuger E. L. and Berliner P. (2009). The role of evaporation in the energy balance of an open-air scaled urban surface. International Journal of Climatology, vol. 29, issue 6, 1-10.
[40]Phillips, T. (2021). Mail&Guardian africa;s best read. Retrieved july 18 , 2021, from https://mg.co.za/environment/2021-07-18-durban-tackles-heat-island-effect/
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[42]Rivan A. W. D. and Syafitri, A. P. (2021). Urban Form Factors that Play Important Roles on UHI Spatial- Temporal pattern: A Case stusy of East Surabaya, Indonesia. Indonesia: IOP Publishing.
[43]Roxon J., Ulm F. J. and Pelleng R. J. M. (2020). Urban heat island impact on state residential energy cost and CO2 emissions in the United States. Urban Climate, vol. 31, 1-10.
[44]Saaroni H., Amorim, J. H., Hiemstra J. A. & Pearlmutter D. (2018). Urban Green Infrastructure as a tool for urban heat mitigation: Survey of research methodologies and findings across different climatic regions. Urban Climate, Vol. 24, 94-110.
[45]Salvati A., Coch, H. and Cecere, C. (2017). Assessing the urban heat island and its energy impact on residential buildings in Mediterranean climate: Barcelona case study. Energy and Buildings, vol. 146, 1-17.
[46]Sanchez L. & Reames T. G. (2019). Cooling Detroit: A socio-spatial analysis of equity in green roofs as an urban heat island mitigation strategy. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, vol. 44, 1-15.
[47]Santamouris, M. (2013). Using cool pavements as a mitigation strategy to fight urban heat island—A review of the actual developments. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 26, 224-240.
[48]Santamouris, M. (2014). Cooling the cities – A review of reflective and green roof mitigation technologies to fight heat island and improve comfort in urban environments. Solar Energy, vol. 103, 682-703.
[49]Song X. P., Tan P. Y., Edwards P. & Richards D. (2018). The economic benefits and costs of trees in urban forest stewardship: A systematic review. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, vol. 29, 162-170.
[50]Tessa H. (2017). Linking demand and supply factors in identifying cultural ecosystem services of urban green infrastructures: A review of European studies. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, vol. 21, 48-59.
[51]Veena, K. M. (2020). Urban Heat Island studies: Current status in India and a comparison with the International studies. Journal of Earth System Science, vol. V, 129.
[52]Virk G., Jansz A., Mavrogianni A., Mylona A., Stocker J. and Davies M. (2014). The effectiveness of retrofitted green and cool roofs at reducing overheating in a naturally ventilated office in London: Direct and indirect effects in current and future climates. Indoor and Built Environment, vol. 23, issue 3, 504-520.
[53]Wang Y., Berardi U. and Akbari H. (2016). Comparing the effects of Urban Heat Island Mitigation Strategies for Toronto, Canada. Energy and Buildings, vol. 114, 2-19.
[54]Xian-Xiang Li & Norford L. K. (2016). Evaluation of cool roof and vegetations in mitigating urban heat island in a tropical city, Singapore. Urban Climate, vol. 16, 59-74.
[55]Zheng T., Ka-Lun K. & Ng E. (2017). Planning strategies for roadside tree planting and outdoor comfort enhancement in subtropical high-density urban areas. Building and Environment, vol. 120, 93-109.
[56]Zhifeng W. & Chen L. D. (2017). Optimizing the spatial arrangement of trees in residential neighborhoods for better cooling effects: Integrating modeling with in-situ measurements. Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 167, 463-472.
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