Review of Research on Wind-sand Hazards in China Railway
Journal: Architecture Engineering and Science DOI: 10.32629/aes.v2i2.368
Abstract
China is the country with the longest mileage in the construction of sandstorms in the world. The railway system is often affected by wind sand flow, which seriously affects the operation safety of trains. Firstly, this article introduces the formation mechanism, movement state, monitoring method and structural characteristics of the wind-sand flow. Then the sand hazard formation mechanism of railway embankments, cuts, bridges and culverts is explained based on aerodynamic performance. Moreover, the sand prevention measures are classified, and the advantages and disadvantages of various measures are discussed. Finally, two kinds of sand prevention and control systems are proposed in combination with the topography and regional wind-sand flow characteristics, and the problems that need to be solved urgently in the prevention and treatment of railway sand and sand disasters in the future are prospected.
Keywords
railway wind-sand disaster, formation mechanism, engineering measures
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[13] Yao Hongle. The Blown Sand Characteristics and Sand Hazards Comprehensive Protective System at the Sand Dune Areas along the Dun-Ge Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2015; 35(3): 555-564.
[14] Chang Xiaobo. Study on Sand Dike through Wind Tunnel Numerical Simulation Test and Sand Pile Test on Jiuquan to EJiNa Railway. Railway Standard Design. 2017; 61(5): 1-5.
[15] Wang Shuang, Cui Xiaoning, Liang Kexin. Causes of Sand Damage and Its Control Measures in Qinghai Section of Golmud-Korla Railway. Railway Engineering. 2019; 59(7): 1-5.
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[17] Shi Long, Xue Chunxiao, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Three-dimensional Simulation Analysis of Response Law of Wind-blown Sand Flow around the Railway Culvert. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2016; 216(9): 14-18.
[18] Li Kaichong, Xue Chunxiao, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Research on the Different Characteristics of Sand-drift between Gobi and Plateau. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2014; 190(7): 7-11.
[19] Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang, Han Feng, et al. Numerical Simulation of Response Law of Wind-blown Sand Flow around the Railway Embankment. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2014; (36)5: 82-87.
[20] Li Liangying, Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Analysis of Formation Causes of Sand Disasters on Basuoqu Bridge of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of The China Railway Society. 2016; 38(12): 111 -117.
[21] Xue Chunxiao, Jiang Fuqiang, Cheng Jianjun, et al. Research on Sand Preventing Benefit of Sand Retaining Wall in a Strong Wind Sector along Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology. 2011; 33(4): 859-862.
[22] Ge Chungen, Shi Long, Li Kaichong. Benefit Evaluation of Sand Prevention Measures in Strong Wind Area along Second Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Railway Standard Design. 2015; 59(9): 37-40.
[23] Liu Shihai, Feng Lingzheng, Xu Yaoyi. Study on Effect of Wind Erosion Controlling in the Geerm-Lahsa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2010; 32(1): 133-136.
[24]Li Shunping, Jiang Fuqiang, Xue Chunxiao, et al. Field Investigation of Sand Disaster and Prevention Research on the Golmud-Lhasa Section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2014; 188(5): 1-6.
[25] Niu Qinhe, Qu Jianjun, Zhang Kecun, et al. Status of Aeolian-Sand Disaster and Estimation of Mechanical Sand-Controlling Benefit at Typical Sections of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2009; 29(4): 596-603.
[26] Xue Zhide, Liu Shihai, Xu Zhaoyi, et al. Efficiency of wind erosion control measures along Cuona Labe on Qinghai-Tibet railway, western China. Journal of Beijing Forestry University. 2010; 32(6): 61-65.
[27] Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Niu Qinhe, et al. Protective Mechanism and Efficiency of Sand-blocking Fences along Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2011; 31(1): 16-20.
[28]Liu Shihai, Feng Lingzheng, Xu Yaoyi. Study on Effect of Wind Erosion Controlling in the Geerm-Lahsa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2010; 32(1): 133-136.
[29]Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang. Numerical Simulation on Parameters Optimization of the Oblique Inserting Plate Retaining Sand Wall Design. Journal of Desert Research. 2014; 34(3): 666-673.
[30] Han Feng, Shi Long, Li Kaichong. Response Law of Wind-Sand Flow to Windbreak Wall along Lanzhou-Xinjiang High Speed Railway. China Railway Science. 2019; 40(5): 9-15.
[31] Yang Yinhai, Xun Chunxiao, Shi Long, et al. Sand resistance rate of retaining wall along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2020; 40(1): 173-178.
[32] Li Kaichong, Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang. Research on the Relationship between Perforated Sand-blocking Wall and Sand-blocking Effect. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2017; 230(11): 5-9.
[2] Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Yao Zhengyi, et al. Sand damage and its control along the Golha Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Arid Land Geography. 2014; 37(1): 74-80.
[3] Ge Shengchang, Jiang Fuqiang. Analyses of the Causes for Wind Disaster in Strong Wind Area along Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway and the Effect of Windbreak. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2009; 128(5): 1-4.
[4] Xie Shengbo, Qu Jianjun, Lai Yuanming, et al. The causes, distributions, characteristics of sand hazards and its controls for Lhasa-Shigatse Railway. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment. 2016; 30(2): 170-175.
[5] Luo Xinwen. Discussion on formation causes and prevention and treatment measures of sand-disasters for Linhe-Ceke railway. Railway Engineering. 2012; 11: 95-97.
[6] Hao Xiaojie, Xiong Zhiwen, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Research on the Positions of Various Kinds of Sand Barriers in Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Railway Standard Design. 2012; (4): 16-20.
[7] Li Chi, Gao Yu, Huang Hao, et al. Numerical simulation of wind erosion damage rules for desert highway. Rock and Soil Mechanics. 2011; 21(1): 642-647.
[8] Zhang Kecun, Niu Qinghe, Qu Jianjun, et al. Study on the Characteristics of Flow Field and the Mechanism of Wind-blown Sand Disasters in the Tuotuohe Region along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Arid Zone Research. 2012; 27(2): 303-308.
[9] Li Kaichong, Xue Chunxiao, Liu Heye, et al. Wind Tunnel Test on Sand-preventing Mechanism of Different Kinds of Sand-barriers. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2015; 196(1): 17-21.
[10] Jiang Fuqiang, Li Ying, Li Kaichong, et al. Study on Structural Characteristics of Gobi Wind Sand Flow in 100 km Wind Area along Lan-Xin Railway. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2010; 32(3): 105-110.
[11] Li Kaichong, Jiang Fuqiang, Xue Chunxiao, et al. Analysis of the Characteristics of Gobi Sand-driving wind in Shisanjianfang Section of Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2010; 138(3): 15-18.
[12] Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Zu Ruioing, et al. Research on the Characteristics of Structure of Drifting Sand Flux and Wind Velocity Profile over Gobi. Research of Soil and Water Conservation. 2005; 12(1): 54-58.
[13] Yao Hongle. The Blown Sand Characteristics and Sand Hazards Comprehensive Protective System at the Sand Dune Areas along the Dun-Ge Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2015; 35(3): 555-564.
[14] Chang Xiaobo. Study on Sand Dike through Wind Tunnel Numerical Simulation Test and Sand Pile Test on Jiuquan to EJiNa Railway. Railway Standard Design. 2017; 61(5): 1-5.
[15] Wang Shuang, Cui Xiaoning, Liang Kexin. Causes of Sand Damage and Its Control Measures in Qinghai Section of Golmud-Korla Railway. Railway Engineering. 2019; 59(7): 1-5.
[16] Bagnold R A. The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes. London: Methuen; 1941.
[17] Shi Long, Xue Chunxiao, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Three-dimensional Simulation Analysis of Response Law of Wind-blown Sand Flow around the Railway Culvert. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2016; 216(9): 14-18.
[18] Li Kaichong, Xue Chunxiao, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Research on the Different Characteristics of Sand-drift between Gobi and Plateau. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2014; 190(7): 7-11.
[19] Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang, Han Feng, et al. Numerical Simulation of Response Law of Wind-blown Sand Flow around the Railway Embankment. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2014; (36)5: 82-87.
[20] Li Liangying, Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang, et al. Analysis of Formation Causes of Sand Disasters on Basuoqu Bridge of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of The China Railway Society. 2016; 38(12): 111 -117.
[21] Xue Chunxiao, Jiang Fuqiang, Cheng Jianjun, et al. Research on Sand Preventing Benefit of Sand Retaining Wall in a Strong Wind Sector along Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology. 2011; 33(4): 859-862.
[22] Ge Chungen, Shi Long, Li Kaichong. Benefit Evaluation of Sand Prevention Measures in Strong Wind Area along Second Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Railway Standard Design. 2015; 59(9): 37-40.
[23] Liu Shihai, Feng Lingzheng, Xu Yaoyi. Study on Effect of Wind Erosion Controlling in the Geerm-Lahsa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2010; 32(1): 133-136.
[24]Li Shunping, Jiang Fuqiang, Xue Chunxiao, et al. Field Investigation of Sand Disaster and Prevention Research on the Golmud-Lhasa Section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2014; 188(5): 1-6.
[25] Niu Qinhe, Qu Jianjun, Zhang Kecun, et al. Status of Aeolian-Sand Disaster and Estimation of Mechanical Sand-Controlling Benefit at Typical Sections of Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2009; 29(4): 596-603.
[26] Xue Zhide, Liu Shihai, Xu Zhaoyi, et al. Efficiency of wind erosion control measures along Cuona Labe on Qinghai-Tibet railway, western China. Journal of Beijing Forestry University. 2010; 32(6): 61-65.
[27] Zhang Kecun, Qu Jianjun, Niu Qinhe, et al. Protective Mechanism and Efficiency of Sand-blocking Fences along Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2011; 31(1): 16-20.
[28]Liu Shihai, Feng Lingzheng, Xu Yaoyi. Study on Effect of Wind Erosion Controlling in the Geerm-Lahsa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of the China Railway Society. 2010; 32(1): 133-136.
[29]Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang. Numerical Simulation on Parameters Optimization of the Oblique Inserting Plate Retaining Sand Wall Design. Journal of Desert Research. 2014; 34(3): 666-673.
[30] Han Feng, Shi Long, Li Kaichong. Response Law of Wind-Sand Flow to Windbreak Wall along Lanzhou-Xinjiang High Speed Railway. China Railway Science. 2019; 40(5): 9-15.
[31] Yang Yinhai, Xun Chunxiao, Shi Long, et al. Sand resistance rate of retaining wall along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Journal of Desert Research. 2020; 40(1): 173-178.
[32] Li Kaichong, Shi Long, Jiang Fuqiang. Research on the Relationship between Perforated Sand-blocking Wall and Sand-blocking Effect. Journal of Railway Engineering Society. 2017; 230(11): 5-9.
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