校园欺凌防治的理论与对策
Journal: Educational Research DOI: 10.12238/er.v4i2.3655
Abstract
近年来以中学生群体为主的校园欺凌事件频频发生,并造成学生抑郁、自杀等严重后果。这时期的中学生具有情绪冲动,心理敏感、自我意识强等心理特点,正处于心理半成熟时期。校园欺凌事件既有个体心理原因,也受社会环境和他人影响。因此本文结合前人研究,在中学生心理特点基础之上,重点从个体心理理论和社会、学校、家庭等系统论的角度进行中学校园欺凌的成因分析,为学校心理健康教育教师预防及干预中学校园欺凌的频发提供理论依据。
Keywords
校园欺凌；理论；对策
Funding
大数据驱动下中小学生欺凌的预测甄别与精准干预研究2018国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目(BHA180147)。
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[2] 乔毅娟,星一,季成叶,等.中国18省市城市中学生欺侮行为流行现状分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2009,30(5):444－447.
[3] Olweus.D.Bullying at School:What We Know and What We Can Do[M].Oxford: Blackwell,1993.125-127.
[4] Smith.P.K.The Slient Nightmare: Bullying and Victimization in School Peer Grous[J].The Psychologist,1991. 243-248.
[5] 刘天娥,龚伦军.当前校园欺凌行为的特征、成因与对策[J].山东省青年管理干部学院学报:青年工作论坛,2009,(04):80-83.
[6] 施长君,纪艳婷,刘凤权,等.校园欺凌的心理成因及干预策略[J].当代教师教育,2018,11(02):20-25.
[7] Berkowitz,L.(1989).Frustration-aggressionhypothesis:Examination and reformulation. Psychological Bulletin, 106,59-73.
[8] Greenbaum,S,Turner,B,&Stephens,R.(1989).Set straight on bullies.Malibu, CA:National School Safety Ce.
[9] Agnew,R.(2001).Building on the foundation of general strain theory: Specifying the types of strain most likely to lead to crime and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime & Delinq uency,38,319-362.
[10] Tam,F,&Taki,M.(2007).Bullying among girls in Japan and Hong Kong An examination of the frustration-aggre ssion model. Educational Research & Evaluation,13,373-399.
[11] Bandura,A,Ross,D.&Ross,S.A.(1961). Transmission of aggres- sion through imitation of aggressive models.Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,63,575-5.
[12] Duncan,R.D.(2004) The impact of family relationships on school bullies and victims.In D.L.Espelage & S.M.Swearer (Eds.),Bullying in American schools.(pp.227-244).London:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,Publishers.
[13] Mouttapa,M.,Valente,T.Gallaher,P,Rohrbach,L A.& Unger,J.B.(2004).Social network predictors of bullying and victimization.Adolescence,39,315-335.
[14] Olweus,D.(1993).Bullying at school.What we know and what we can do.Malden,MA:Blackwell Publishing.
[15] Lefkowitz,M.M.,Eron,LD.Walder,L.O.& Huesmann,L.R.(1977).Growing up violent:A longitudinal study of the development of aggression. New York: Pergam.
[16] Huesmann,L.R.Eron,L.D,Lefkowitz,M.M,& Walder,L.O.(1984).Stability of aggression over time and generations. Devel-opmental Psychology,20,1120-1.
[17] Beran,T,&Li,Q.(2005).Cyber-harassment:A study of a new method for an old behavior.Journal of EducationalComputing Research,32,265-277.
[18] Mouttapa,M,Valente,T.Gallaher,P,Rohrbach,L.A & Unger,J.B.(2004).Social network predictors of bullying and victimization.Adolescence,39,315-335.
[19] Olweus,D.(1993).Bullying at school. What we know and whatwe can do.Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
[20] Greenbaum,S,Turner,B,&Stephens,R.(1989).Set straight on bullies.Malibu, CA:National School Safety Ce.
[21] Camodeca M, Goossens F A, Schuengel C, Terwogt M M.Links between social information processing in middle childhood and involvement in bullying[J].AggressiveBehavior,2003,(29):116-127.
[22] DE OROBIO C B,VEERMAN J W,KOOPS W,etal.Hostile Attribution of Intent and Aggressive Behavior:A Meta-Analysis[J].ChildDevelopment,2002,73(3):916-934.
[23] DODGE K A.Translational Science in Action:Hostile Attributional Style and the Development of Aggressive Behavior Problems[J].Development and Psychopathology,2006,18(3):791-814.
[24] SCHACTER H L, JUVONEN J.The Effects of School-level Victimization on Self-blame:Evidence for Contextu alized Social Cognitions[J].Developme ntal Psychology,2015,51(6):841-847.
[25] PERREN S,ETTEKAL I,LADD G.The Impact of Peer Victimization on Later Maladjustment:Mediating and Moderat ing Effects of Hostile and Self-blam ing Attributions[J].Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,2013,54(1): 46-55.
[26] ELLEDGE L C,CAVELL T A, OGLE N T,etal.History of Peer Victimization and Children,s Response to School Bullying[J].School Psychology Quarterly, 2010,25(2):129-141.
[27] Joinson,A.(1998).Causes and im plications of behavior on the Internet. In Gackenbach,J.(Ed);Psychology and the Internet:Intrapersonal,interpersonal, and transpersonal implications(pp.43- 60).San Diego,CA US:Academic Press.
[28] Kowalski,R.,Limber,P.S.& Agatston, W.P.(2008). Cyberbullying:Bullying in the digital age.Malden, MA:Blackwell Publishing.
[29] Hinduja,S.&Patchin,J.W.(2009).Bullying beyond the schoolyard: Prev enting and responding to cyberbully ing. Thousand Oaks,CA:Crown Press.
[30] GEST S D,RODKIN P C.Teaching practices and elementary classroom peer ecologies[J].Journal of Applied DevelopmentalPsychology,2011,(5):288―296.
[31] CORVO K,DELARA E.Towards an integrated theory of relational viole nce:Is bullying a risk factor for domesticviolence?[J].Aggression&Violent Behavior,2010,(3):181―190.
[32] CRAIG W M,HENDERSON K, MURPHY J G.Prospectiveteachers'attitudes towa rd bullying and victimization[J].School PsychologyInternational,2000,(1):5―21.
[33] KHOURYKASSABRI M, BENBENISHTY R,ASTOR R A,et al.The contributions of community,family,and school variables to student victimization[J].American Journal of Community Psychology,2004, (3―4):187―204.
[34] FIONA LEACH.Learning to be violent:The role of the school in developing adolescent gendered behaviour [J].Compare A Journal of Comparative& InternationalEducation,2003,(3):385―400.
[35] Jacobson R B.A lost horizon: The experience of an other and school bullying[J].Studies in Philosophy and Education,2007,26(4):297-317.
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