环境与生物因素对鱼体甲基汞生物富集的协同作用：研究进展与展望
Journal: Ecological Environment and Protection DOI: 10.12238/eep.v8i3.2575
Abstract
甲基汞作为高毒性有机汞形态,通过食物链的生物放大效应在鱼体富集,严重威胁生态系统和人类健康。本文系统综述了鱼体甲基汞生物富集的多维度影响因素及其相互作用机制。环境因素方面,重点探讨了水体甲基汞本底浓度、温度、溶解氧、pH以及溶解性有机质等关键参数的作用规律。生物因素方面,深入分析了营养级效应、鱼类生理特性、生物稀释效应以及微生物群落的调控机制。特别阐述了甲基汞在鱼体内的吸收、分配过程,包括(1)通过L-氨基酸转运体跨肠吸收；(2)与血红蛋白Cys93残基结合的红细胞转运过程；(3)靶器官中与硫醇/硒醇蛋白的特异性结合。本综述揭示,甲基汞的生物富集是环境-生物-分子多层面因素非线性耦合的结果,其中溶解氧与温度协同调控的甲基化-去甲基化平衡,以及DOM分子特性决定的汞生物有效性是当前研究的薄弱环节。未来研究应重点关注环境-生物-人为活动的多因素耦合机制,建立跨尺度预测模型,并阐明甲基汞在生物体内动态归趋的分子调控网络,为制定差异化的汞污染防控策略和水产品安全保障体系提供了理论依据。
Keywords
鱼；甲基汞；生物富集；影响因素；健康风险
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[41] Xu D,Tong S,Wang B,et al.Ocean acidification stimula tion of phytoplankton growth depends on the extent of depar ture from the optimal growth temperature[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2022,177:113510.
[42] 崔玉华,陈建弛.深圳周边海域鱼类肌肉中甲基汞浓度影响因素研究[J].中国渔业质量与标准,2024,14(6):20-26.
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[44] 程金平,刘晓洁,冀秀玲,等.总汞、甲基汞和硒在汞暴露大鼠脑、肝、肾中的分布[J].中国环境科学,2006(3):376-379.
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[46] Mellingen R M,Rasinger J D,Nøstbakken O J,et al.Dieta ry protein affects tissue accumulation of mercury and induces hepatic Phase I and Phase II enzyme expression after co-expos ure with methylmercury in mice[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2024,133:109712.
[47] 陈芳,郜小玉,张长琴,等.围产期甲基汞暴露对子代成年大鼠神经递质代谢及学习记忆能力的影响[J].生态毒理学报,2023,18(4):360-368.
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[49] Huang Y,Zhang S,Pu J,et al.Synthesis and Morphology Control of Thiol-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework Nan oparticles[J].Journal of Advances in Physical Chemistry,2024,13:96.
[50] SR B,苏鲁.甲基汞和无机汞的代谢模式[J].国外医学(卫生学分册),1985(2):92-94.
[51] Scheller F W,Bistolas N,Liu S,et al. Thirty years of hae moglobin electrochemistry[J].Advances in Colloid and Interfa ce Science,2005,116(1-3):111-120.
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