温性荒漠草原植被特征及初级生产力提升对策研究
Journal: Ecological Environment and Protection DOI: 10.12238/eep.v7i8.2218
Abstract
温性荒漠草原植被特征及初级生产力提升一直是许多学者研究的焦点。文章以内蒙古鄂托克前旗荒漠草原区家庭农牧场为研究载体,借助双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)、除趋势典范对应分析法、除趋势对应分析法、典范对应分析法,并与CANOCO4.5排序法相结合,划分研究区植物群落类型,分析天然草原植被与土壤关系,并结合生产实际提出初级生产力提升对策。结果如下：(1)研究区划分的18个群落通过CANOCO4.5排序图进一步验证,结果科学可信；(2)研究区14个土壤因子均对荒漠草原植物群落的分布存在一定程度的影响,以土壤含水率、容重和有效磷的影响最为明显；(3)有效磷(0-10cm)和有机质(10-20cm)是区域内对物种多样性结果起决定性作用的土壤因子；(4)18种群落的物种丰富度、均匀度、优势度及多样性指数的相关性结果表明,植被物种优势度指数对多样性的贡献率大于丰富度指数和均匀度指数；(5)18个群落中,地上生物量位居前3位的猪毛蒿+白草+黑沙蒿群落、黑沙蒿+老瓜头+猪毛蒿群落及黑沙蒿+猪毛蒿+芨芨草群落,其生态化利用可作为研究区今后可持续发展的研究重点；(6)科学利用水热、土地资源,合理配置畜群结构,制定合理的放牧制度是提高研究区初级生产力的关键所在。
Keywords
荒漠草原；植被特征；初级生产力；数量特征；物种多样性
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