中青年脑卒中患者重返工作准备的认知与体验：一项描述性质性研究
Journal: Basic Medical Theory Research DOI: 10.12238/bmtr.v7i6.17064
Abstract
目的：随着中青年脑卒中发病率逐年攀升，患者重返工作岗位的迫切需求与社会经济角色之间的矛盾日益凸显。本研究聚焦于这一群体在重返工作准备过程中面临的真实体验，以期为制定针对性干预策略提供实证依据，助力患者实现职业与社会功能的可持续恢复。方法：采用目的抽样与滚雪球抽样法，于2024年9月至11月对江苏省两所三级甲等医院的13例脑卒中患者进行半结构式访谈，运用Colaizzi七步法分析数据并提炼主题。结果：患者重返工作的体验可归纳为三大主题：①优化基层康复服务，弥补专业支持不足与资源短板；②加强心理调适与情感支持，促进患者心理稳定与角色重建；③多方协同支持，助力患者实现健康与职场平衡。结论：中青年脑卒中患者重返工作的促进与阻碍因素具有多维度特征，需通过优化基层康复服务、强化心理支持及多方协作机制，帮助患者克服障碍，顺利回归社会与职场。未来研究可进一步结合多中心、大样本数据，探索不同地域与文化背景下干预策略的普适性与差异性，为构建全周期、多维度的重返工作支持体系奠定基础。
Keywords
脑卒中；中青年患者；重返工作准备度；质性研究；社会支持
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