面向 NTN 毫米波低轨卫星通信的自适应数据辅助迭代信道估计与解码
Journal: 空天科技 DOI: 10.12238/ast.v1i1.13706
Abstract
非地面网络(NTNs)连接低地球轨道(LEO)卫星等组件，其移动性会导致快速时变的无线信道和显著的多普勒频移。传统的基于导频的信道估计(PACE)方法要么性能受限，要么需要过高的导频开销。数据辅助信道估计(DACE)作为一种潜在的改进路径，利用数据向量补充导频信号。然而，该方法在频率偏移和快速信道变化下难以有效选择数据向量。为此，该研究提出了一种自适应数据选择辅助的迭代信道估计与解码方案。首先，对接收星座图的相位和幅度偏移进行周期性分析和插值估计，确保即使在显著信道变化下也能有效选择数据。然后，将数据可靠性与信道变化相关联，通过跟踪特定导频的最大后验(MAP)估计变化，在时变信道中自适应选择可靠数据向量。此外，开发了数据辅助的迭代联合估计框架，通过整合解码的对数似然比(LLR)结果重新选择数据向量，并在迭代估计过程中利用它们构建约束边界。该方法显著提升了现有协议下LEO链路的性能，兼容更高阶调制和频段。仿真结果表明，在短相干块场景下，该方案可减少75%的导频开销，或在相同导频开销下将频率偏移鲁棒性提高200%。
Keywords
信道估计；数据辅助；低地球轨道；非地面网络
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[12] K. An, 等, "LEO Satellite Channel Characterization for 6G," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 3015-3029, 2023.
[13] M. Giordani, 等, "Toward 6G Non-Terrestrial Networks," IEEE Network, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 212-218, 2022.
[14] H. Tataria, 等, "Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted LEO Satellite Communications," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 41, no. 8, pp. 2442-2456, 2023.
[15] Z. Zhang, 等, "LEO Satellite Channel Estimation: Challenges and Solutions," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 98-104, 2023.
[16] Q. Zhang, 等, "LEO Satellite Constellations: From Theory to Practice," IEEE Wireless Commun., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 78-84, 2022.
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[21] K. Wang, 等, "Data-Aided Channel Estimation for NTN," IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 923-927, 2023.
[22] J. Li, 等, "Deep Learning Based Channel Estimation for LEO Satellites," IEEE Trans. Cogn. Commun. Netw., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 412-426, 2023.
[23] H. Zhang, 等, "Joint Channel Estimation and Data Detection for LEO Systems," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 71, no. 3, pp. 1789-1803, 2023.
[24] M. Zhou, 等, "Adaptive Data Selection for Channel Estimation," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 71, pp. 1568-1582, 2023.
[25] L. Wang, 等, "Iterative Receiver Design for LEO Satellite Communications," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 789-803, 2023.
[26] S. Wu, 等, "Machine Learning Assisted Channel Estimation for NTN," IEEE Trans. Mach. Learn. Commun. Netw., vol. 1, pp. 1-15, 2023.
[27] G. Liu, 等, "Dynamic Resource Allocation in LEO Satellite Networks," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 6125-6139, 2023.
[28] F. Yang, 等, "Beamforming Techniques for LEO Satellite Communications," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 59, no. 3, pp. 2543-2557, 2023.
[29] R. Zhao, 等, "MIMO Techniques for Non-Terrestrial Networks," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 2965-2979, 2023.
[30] P. Chen, 等, "Interference Management in LEO Constellations," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 71, no. 7, pp. 4123-4137, 2023.
[31] T. Li, 等, "Handover Management in LEO Satellite Networks," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 72, no. 6, pp. 7892-7906, 2023.
[32] W. Zhang, 等, "QoS Provisioning in Non-Terrestrial Networks," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 120-126, 2023.
[33] L. Chen, 等, "Energy-Efficient LEO Satellite Communications," IEEE Trans. Green Commun. Netw., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 876-890, 2023.
[34] X. Wang, 等, "Security Issues in Non-Terrestrial Networks," IEEE Netw., vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 212-219, 2023.
[35] Y. Liu, 等, "AI-Based Optimization for LEO Satellite Networks," IEEE Trans. Neural Netw. Learn. Syst., vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 4125-4139, 2023.
[36] J. Zhang, 等, "Traffic Prediction in LEO Satellite Networks," IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput., vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 4125-4139, 2023.
[37] C. Zhou, 等, "Edge Computing in Non-Terrestrial Networks," IEEE Internet Things J., vol. 10, no. 15, pp. 13456-13471, 2023.
[38] D. Wu, 等, "Network Slicing for LEO Satellite Networks," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 41, no. 11, pp. 3456-3470, 2023.
[39] H. Wang, 等, "Standardization Progress for Non-Terrestrial Networks," IEEE Commun. Stand. Mag., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 78-84, 2023.
[40] K. Li, 等, "Experimental Results for LEO Satellite Channel Estimation," IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., vol. 72, pp. 1-15, 2023.
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