遨游太空卫星发动机羽流数理建模与计算分析
Journal: Advances in Computer and Autonomous Intelligence Research DOI: 10.12238/acair.v2i2.7349
Abstract
2023年春,我们拜访了遨游太空发源地——西昌卫星发射中心。高大的发射塔架环抱着乳白色的巨型运载火箭,一起耸立在发射场上。一声“点火！”令下,火箭发射场随即喷射出橘红色的火焰犹如一条威力无比的长龙拔地而起,传来连绵不绝的巨大轰鸣,直上云天。现代化测量通信设备,每时每刻都在精确地测定、记录和报告着飞行速度、高度和姿态。最后在茫茫的天际里,火箭穿出大气层……助推器分离……整流罩分离……火箭卫星箭舱分离……环绕卫星体的太阳能电池帆板展开锁定,形成图1所示的板舱结构卫星航天器顺利进入环绕地球飞行的椭圆轨道,整个过程见图1(a)所示,运行在距离地面最近700公里以上的椭圆型低地球轨道飞行环境[1~5]。诸如此类航天任务的执行,开启了中国一代又一代航天器的太空之旅、星空探索以及各种飞行试验,灿烂辉煌一生。诸如北斗卫星三号导航系统全球组网成功,丈量地球惠及民生保卫国家安全；中国空间站天宫建成遨游太空,航天员驻留太空科学研究；嫦娥奔月、祝融探火、“羲和”逐日,走出地球探索太阳系奥秘。这一系列经历,引起了我们对空间站、卫星遨游太空赖以运行的发动机原理、喷流/羽流空间环境变化的遐思与探究兴趣[6-12]。
Keywords
卫星；发动机；燃气羽流污染；数理建模；计算分析
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[2] 李志辉,吴俊林,彭傲平,等.天宫飞行器低轨控空气动力特性一体化建模与计算研究[J].载人航天,2015,(2):106-114.
[3] 梁杰,李志辉,杜波强,等.真实气体效应对MSL火星进入气动特性的影响研究[J].航天返回与遥感.2017,38(4):8-17.
[4] 方方,田园,赵攀,等.空间返回航天器气动外形设计与需求分析[J].空气动力学学报,2018,36(05):816-825+815.
[5] 李志辉,石卫波,唐小伟,等.天宫一号再入回放[J].科学世界,2018,236(10):106-112.
[6] 李浩婷,单守义,张延芬,等.遥望星空大型航天器回家之路[J].文汇,2020,36(1):132-145.
[7] DettleffG.,PlumeFlowandPlumeImpingementinSpaceTechnology,ProgressinAerospaceSciences,28,1991.
[8] 蔡国飙,王慧玉,祖国君,等.真空小喷管羽流场的Monte Carlo直接模拟[J].推进技术,1997,(02):44-49.
[9] 黄琳,任兵,吴其芬.姿控发动机高空羽流流场DSMC仿真及算法研究[J].国防科技大学学报,1998,(03):17-20.
[10] 程晓丽,毛铭芳,阎喜勤.卫星变轨发动机羽流污染的研究[J].上海航天,2000,(05):15-18.
[11] EbrahimiH.B.,Levine J.,Kawasaki A.,NumericalInvestig ation of Twin-Nozzle Rocket Plume Phenomenology.Journal of Propulsion and Power,Vol.16,No.2,pp.178-186,2000.
[12] Ivanov M.S.,Bondar Y.A.,General Description of the Statistical Modelling in Low-Density Environment (SMILE) Sys tem, Novosibirsk:Russian Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2005.
[13] 李志辉,李中华,杨东升,等.卫星姿控发动机混合物羽流场分区耦合计算研究[J].空气动力学学报,2012,30(4):483-491.
[14] BoydI.D.,PenkoP.F.Meissner D.L.,etal.Experimental and NumericalInvestigetions of Low-Sensity Nozzle and Plume Flows of Nitrogen,AIAA Journal,Vol.30,10,pp.2453-2461,1992.
[15] 李志辉,杨东升,李中华,等.燃气混合物羽流场N-S/DSMC耦合算法研究 [C].//第十四届全国计算流体力学会议论文集.2009:223-230.
[16] 李中华,党雷宁,李志辉.高超声速化学非平衡流动N-S/DSMC耦合算法研究.航空学报,2018,39(10):100-111.
[17] 张涵信,余泽楚,陆林生.求解N-S方程的一个简单隐式算法[J].空气动力学学报,1984,(04):70-74.
[18] 国义军,张涵信,高树椿,等.旋转钝锥高超声速绕流的数值模拟与定性分析研究[J].空气动力学学报,2000,(S1):1-9.
[19] 李志辉,张涵信.稀薄流到连续流的气体运动论统一算法研究[J].空气动力学学报,2003,(03):255-266.
[20] Zhi-Hui Li,Han-Xin Zhang.Study on Gas Kinetic Unif ied Algorithm for Flows from Rarefied Transition to Contin uum.Journal of Computational Physics,Vol.193,pp.708-738,2004.
[21] Zhi-Hui Li,Wen-Qiang Hu,Ao-Ping Peng,Jun-Lin Wu, Chun-Hian Lee, Gas-kinetic unified algorithm for plane external force-driven flows covering all flow regimes by mod eling of Boltzmann equation, InternationalJournal for Numeri cal Methods in Fluids,92(8):922-949,2020.
[22] 向立光,舒海峰,许晓斌.高超声速风洞铰链力矩试验技术研究进展[J].实验流体力学,2022,36(5):57-68.
[23] 李志辉,梁杰.跨流域空气动力学模拟“护驾”再入飞行器[J].科技纵览,2018,(8):57-59.
[24] 梁杰,阎超,李志辉,等.稀薄过渡流区横向喷流干扰效应数值模拟研究[J].空气动力学学报,2013,31(1):27-33.
[25] 李中华,李志辉,吴俊林,等.羽流中固体颗粒在真空环境下分布的数值仿真”[J].固体火箭技术,2014,37(6):797-803.
[26] 蔡国飙,王慧玉,庄逢甘.真空羽流场的N-S和DSMC耦合数值模拟[J].推进技术,1998,(4):57-61.
[27] 李中华,党雷宁,李志辉,等.天宫飞行器过渡流区高超声速绕流N-S/DSMC耦合计算[J].载人航天,2020,26(05):543-549.
[28] 张涵信.求解气动方程的高阶精度格式及相关问题[D].第七届全国计算流体力学会议文集,1994.
[29] Jun-Lin Wu,Zhi-Hui Li,Ao-Ping Peng,Xing-CaiPi,Zhong -HuaLi,Numerical Study on Rarefied Unsteady Jet Flow Expanding into Vacuum Using Gas-kinetic Unified Algorithm, Computers and Fluids. Vol.155, No.20, pp.50-61, Sep., 2017.
[30] Atkins H.L.,Casper J.,Nonreflective Boundary Conditi ons for High-Order Methods. AIAA 93-0152,1993.
[31] VerhoffA.Global Far-Field Computational Boundary Conditions for C-Grid Topologies.AIAA 95-2184,1995.
[32] 包庆军,唐帅,蒋得刚.计算流体力学在暖通工程机电安装中的应用[J].模型世界,2023,(13):52-54.
[33] XieF.S.LiY.Z.WangX.B.WangY.LeiG.XingK.W.Numerical stu dy on flow and heat transfer characteristics of low pressure gas in slip flow regime, Inter. J. of Thermal Sciences,124:131 ~145, 2018.
[34] Charles R.J., Charles D., Alex I., Ronald M.S., Return Flux Contamination of an Outgassing Spacecraft in Low Earth Orbit, AIAA Paper No.93-0725,31stAerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit Reno,NV,Jan.11-14,1993.
[35] 李中华,梁杰.高空羽流流场数值仿真[C].//论文集.北京:中国空气动力学学会,2000:206～211.
[36] Parker J.G.Rotational and Vibrational Relaxation in Diatomic Gases, Physics of Fluids,Vol.24,449-462,1959.
[37] Bird G.A.Approach to Translational Equilibrium in a rigid sphere gas,Physics of Fluids,Vol.6,1518-1519,1963.
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