The Current Status of Seborrheic Alopecia in Young People and Its Correlation with Fungal Infections
Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine Research DOI: 10.32629/jcmr.v5i1.1774
Abstract
The current status of seborrheic alopecia (SA) in young people and its potential association with fungal infections was discussed. Pathological representations, pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of seborrheic alopecia were introduced. SA is the most common type of hair loss in adults, but it also occurs in adolescents, though its prevalence among this younger population is not well established. Skin biocenosis, in particular the Malassezia spp. flora, plays a key aetiologic role, in combination with the unusual capacity of some corneocytes to be coated by these yeasts.
Keywords
young people, seborrheic alopecia, fungal infections
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[3]Dawn, G., et al., Post-menopausal frontal fibrosing alopecia. Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, 2003. 28(1): p. 43-45.
[4]Hull, S.P.M., et al., Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata. British Journal of Dermatology, 2003. 149(4): p. 692-699.
[5]Xu, F., et al., Prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia in Shanghai, China: a community-based study. British Journal of Dermatology, 2009. 160(3): p. 629-632.
[6]Su, L.H. and T. Hsiu-Hsi, Association of androgenetic alopecia with smoking and its prevalence among Asian men - A community-based survey. Archives of Dermatology, 2007. 143(11): p. 1401-1406.
[7]Pratt, C.H., et al., Alopecia areata. Nature Reviews Disease Primers, 2017. 3.
[8]Lukasik, A., et al., The role of family history and its influence on the onset time in female pattern hair loss. Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii, 2021. 38(5): p. 815-818.
[9]Bornholt, L., et al., Understanding affective and cognitive self-evaluations about the body for adolescent girls. British Journal of Health Psychology, 2005. 10: p. 485-503.
[10]Salvucci, E., The Disappearing Microbiota: Diseases of the Western Civilization. How Fermented Foods Feed a Healthy Gut Microbiota: A Nutrition Continuum, ed. M.A. AzcaratePeril, R.R. Arnold, and J.M. BrunoBarcena. 2019. 325-347.
[11]Kang H.J, et al., A Clinical Study of Androgenetic Alopecia. Korean Journal of Dermatology, 2004. 42(11): p. 1431-1439.
[12]Egger, A., et al., Examining the Safety and Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Male and Female Pattern Hair Loss: A Review of the Literature. Skin Appendage Disorders, 2020. 6(5): p. 259-267.
[13]Suzuki, K., et al., Scalp Microbiome and Sebum Composition in Japanese Male Individuals with and without Androgenetic Alopecia. Microorganisms, 2021. 9(10).
[14]Severi, G., et al., Androgenetic alopecia in men aged 40-69 years: prevalence and risk factors. British Journal of Dermatology, 2003. 149(6): p. 1207-1213.
[15]Nyholt, D.R., et al., Genetic basis of male pattern baldness. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2003. 121(6): p. 1561-1564.
[16]Gatherwright, J., et al., The Contribution of Endogenous and Exogenous Factors to Male Alopecia: A Study of Identical Twins. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013. 131(5): p. 794E-801E.
[17]Wang, T.L., et al., Prevalence of androgenetic alopecia in China: a community-based study in six cities. British Journal of Dermatology, 2010. 162(4): p. 843-847.
[18]Kim, B.J., et al., Androgenetic alopecia in adolescents: A report of 43 cases. Journal of Dermatology, 2006. 33(10): p. 696-699.
[19]Xi, J., P. Guowei, and D. Chen, Advances on the treatment study of sebrrheic alopecia. Guangdong Medical Journal, 2005. 26(9): p. 1192-1193.
[20]Hong, Z., et al., Risk factors of some sebaceous gland diseases and their relation to gastrointestinal dysfunction in adolescents： an epidemiological study. Chinese Journa of Dermatology, 2006. 39(2): p. 102-104.
[21]Liu, Z.Y. and X.Y. Liu, Gut microbiome, metabolome and alopecia areata. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023. 14.
[22]Edelkamp, J., et al., Management of the human hair follicle microbiome by a synthetic odorant. Journal of dermatological science, 2023. 112(2): p. 99-108.
[23]Polak-Witka, K., et al., The role of the microbiome in scalp hair follicle biology and disease. Experimental Dermatology, 2020. 29(3): p. 286-294.
[24]Hobi, S., et al., Malassezia: Zoonotic Implications, Parallels and Differences in Colonization and Disease in Humans and Animals. Journal of Fungi, 2022. 8(7).
[25]Batra, R., et al., Malassezia Baillon, emerging clinical yeasts. Fems Yeast Research, 2005. 5(12): p. 1101-1113.
[26]Piérard, G.E., E. Xhauflaire-Uhoda, and C. Piérard-Franchimont, The key role of corneocytes in pityrosporoses. Dermatology, 2006. 212(1): p. 23-26.
[27]Donnarumma, G., et al., Malassezia furfur induces the expression of β-defensin-2 in human keratinocytes in a protein kinase C-dependent manner. Archives of Dermatological Research, 2004. 295(11): p. 474-481.
[28]Perkins, M.A., et al., A non-invasive tape absorption method for recovery of inflammatory mediators to differentiate normal from compromised scalp conditions. Skin Research and Technology, 2002. 8(3): p. 187-193.
[29]Rawlings, A.V., Trends in stratum corneum research and the management of dry skin conditions. International journal of cosmetic science, 2003. 25(1-2): p. 63-95.
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