慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发病机制及药物治疗
Journal: Basic Medical Theory Research DOI: 10.12238/bmtr.v5i5.6500
Abstract
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是一种以气流受限和呼吸困难为主要症状的呼吸系统疾病,在全球范围内广泛存在,对患者的生活质量和健康造成了重大影响。COPD的发病机制复杂,主要包括两个组分,慢性支气管炎和肺气肿,通常由吸烟、空气污染、职业暴露和遗传等因素引起。本论文综述了COPD的发病机制,包括气道炎症、氧化应激、蛋白酶活性异常、细胞凋亡和基因-环境相互作用。药物治疗在COPD的管理中发挥着至关重要的作用,本文还阐述了不同药物类别的药理作用,如支气管扩张药物、抗炎药物、肺部保护剂和免疫调节药物,以及其在缓解症状、减轻气道炎症、改善气道通畅度和减少疾病进展方面的作用。最后,本文强调了早期诊断和综合管理的重要性,以提高COPD患者的生活质量和预后。
Keywords
慢性阻塞性肺疾病；发病机制；危险因素；药物治疗
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